Currents Technologies at the Service of the Diabetic Patients: State of the Art

Emmanuel Andrès, Nathalie Jeandidier, Laurent Meyer, Thibault Bahougne, Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar, Samy Talha, Mohamed Hajjam and Amir Hajjam El Hassani

Abstract

In recent years, several technological innovations have become part of the daily lives of diabetic patients as non-invasive glucose sensors, intelligent insulin pumps, artificial pancreas, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. A review of the literature dedicated to these technologies supports the efficacy of these latter in diabetic patients. Mainly, these technologies have shown a beneficial effect on diabetes management with an improvement of blood glucose control, with a significant reduction in HbA1c; patient ownership of the disease; patient adherence to therapeutic and hygiene–dietary measures; the management of co-morbidities (hypertension, weight, dyslipidemia); and at least, good patient receptivity and accountability. Especially, the emergence of these technologies in the daily lives of diabetic patients has led to an improvement of the quality of life for patients. To date, the magnitude of its effects remains debatable, especially with the variation in patients’ characteristics, samples selection and approach for treatment of control groups.